故宫英文团（讲解词）
Guide speech of the Forbidden City
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讲解位置点：进入午门位置
讲解主题1：故宫之旅开场白
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女士们，先生们：
我们现在已经走入了紫禁城，在旅游开始之前，请允许我介绍一下我自己和今天的旅行。我的名字叫Michael, 是您今天旅行的导游，在接下来的4个小时，我将带领大家去探索这座世界上最伟大的宫殿群。我希望我的导游服务，为您带来一次愉快的旅行。
我们现在已经走入了紫禁城，在旅游开始之前，请允许我介绍一下我自己和今天的旅行。我的名字叫Michael, 是您今天旅行的导游，在接下来的4个小时，我将带领大家去探索这座世界上最伟大的宫殿群。我希望我的导游服务，为您带来一次愉快的旅行。
我的旅游被称为“紫禁城探索之旅”，为了让大家有更好的理解和体验，我们精心为大家准备了一份礼物。这里装着9张紫禁城的老照片，这些照片都是100年前由外国记者拍摄的，记录着这里曾经发生的重大历史事件，今天，我将带大家重新找到老照片的位置，为大家讲述照片中所发生的故事。在旅游之后，您可以把您的感受写在它的后面，我希望大家把它保留好，我相信它是将是您一份最好的故宫纪念，因为它记录着您与故宫历史相遇的脚步！
Ladies and gentlemen：
Now we have stepped into the Forbidden City. Before the tour starts, please allow me to take a few seconds to introduce myself and today's trip. My name is Michael and I am your today’s tour guide. In the next 4 hours, I am going to take you to explore this greatest palace complex in the world. I hope my guide service will bring you a pleasant trip.
Now we have stepped into the Forbidden City. Before the tour starts, please allow me to take a few seconds to introduce myself and today's trip. My name is Michael and I am your today’s tour guide. In the next 4 hours, I am going to take you to explore this greatest palace complex in the world. I hope my guide service will bring you a pleasant trip.
Our today’s trip is called “Discovery trip of the Forbidden City”, in order to give you a better understanding and experience of this great palace, we have carefully prepared a gift for everybody, this envelope contains 9 old pictures of the Forbidden City which was taken by foreign journalists 100 years ago, documenting some major historical events that have occurred in this complex. Today, I will take you back to the location where these old pictures were taken and tell you the stories that happened. When the tour is over, you can keep it and write something you’re feeling on its back, and I trust that will be your best souvenir as it records the footsteps of your meeting with the history of the Forbidden City!
讲解位置点：进入午门位置
讲解主题2：紫禁城是一个什么地方？
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好了，各位朋友：
在开始探索这座伟大的宫殿之前，让我们一起了解一下紫禁城的基本情况。这是一个什么地方？紫禁城是中国古代皇帝的宫殿。这是一个木制的奇迹，拥有历史上的终极巨型结构，拥有惊人的900栋建筑。紫禁城的大小是巴黎凡尔赛宫的10倍，它不仅是现存最大的宫殿建筑群，也是历史上任何时候建造的最大的宫殿。
它建于15世纪。建设历时近20年，10多万名工匠和100万名劳动力参与了这项伟大的工程。随着它的建立，北京第一次成为中华帝国的首都。600年前，紫禁城的创始人、明帝国的第三位皇帝朱棣从中间的中门走进紫禁城，成为紫禁城的第一位主人。自从以后，紫禁城经历了明清两个帝国时代，共有24位皇帝在此居住。1924年，清帝国最后一位皇帝溥仪在紫禁城被政府管理之前被逐出紫禁城。1925年，紫禁城更名为故宫博物院，对外开放。
Ok Everyone, before starting to explore this great palace, let's learn the basic knowledge of the Forbidden City together. What kind of place is this? The Forbidden City was the palace of the ancient Chinese emperors. It's a wooden wonder, with history ultimate mega-structure, it boasts a staggering 900 buildings. The Forbidden City is 10 times the size of Versailles of Paris, it not just the largest palace complex that survives, but the largest palace complex built at any time in history.
It was built in the 15th century. and the construction took almost 20 years, with over 100000 craftsmen and 1 million labors involved in this great project. With its establishment, Beijing became the capital of the Chinese Empire for the first time. 600 years ago, the founder of the Forbidden City and the third emperor of the Ming Empire, Zhu Di, walked into the Forbidden City from the central gate in the middle and became its first owner. Since then, The Forbidden City has experienced Ming and Qing two empire times, and a total of 24 emperors lived here. In 1924, Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Empire was expelled from the Forbidden City before it was put under government management. In 1925, the Forbidden City was changed name as the Palace Museum and opened to the public.
It was built in the 15th century. and the construction took almost 20 years, with over 100000 craftsmen and 1 million labors involved in this great project. With its establishment, Beijing became the capital of the Chinese Empire for the first time. 600 years ago, the founder of the Forbidden City and the third emperor of the Ming Empire, Zhu Di, walked into the Forbidden City from the central gate in the middle and became its first owner. Since then, The Forbidden City has experienced Ming and Qing two empire times, and a total of 24 emperors lived here. In 1924, Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Empire was expelled from the Forbidden City before it was put under government management. In 1925, the Forbidden City was changed name as the Palace Museum and opened to the public.
好了，女生们，先生们，我们眼前的这座城门被称为午门，是紫禁城的南门，也是紫禁城的正门，在古代时期，中间这个门只能由皇帝个人专享，而内阁的高级官员们，只能走旁边的两个门。接下来，我将带大家登上这座紫禁城最高的建筑，您将可以欣赏紫禁城的壮丽全景！这边请！
Ok, Ladies and gentlemen, The gate in front of us is called the Meridian Gate, it’s the south gate and the main entrance of the Forbidden City. In ancient times, the middle gate could be preserved for the emperor only. And senior officials can only use the two doors beside. The next, I am going to take you to ascend this tallest building and you will appreciate the amazing panorama view of the Forbidden City！this way please!
讲解位置点3：午门登上城楼-西侧
讲解主题3：紫禁城一共有多少间房屋？
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女士们先生们：
从这个位置我们可以欣赏到故宫的全景，此时我相信很多朋友已经发现了故宫有非常多的建筑，您能猜一下故宫有多少间房屋吗？ 对了，据说它有9999间房，为什么是这么一个奇观的数字，我来告诉你它的原因。和古代欧洲完全不同，中国一直不是一个宗教国家，自秦始皇2000年前统一中国后，中国就一直是个世俗性国家，尽管中国有自己的三大宗教，即儒教，道教和佛教，但是皇帝的权利一直是高于宗教的权利，而普通人也有宗教信仰的自由。
从这个位置我们可以欣赏到故宫的全景，此时我相信很多朋友已经发现了故宫有非常多的建筑，您能猜一下故宫有多少间房屋吗？ 对了，据说它有9999间房，为什么是这么一个奇观的数字，我来告诉你它的原因。和古代欧洲完全不同，中国一直不是一个宗教国家，自秦始皇2000年前统一中国后，中国就一直是个世俗性国家，尽管中国有自己的三大宗教，即儒教，道教和佛教，但是皇帝的权利一直是高于宗教的权利，而普通人也有宗教信仰的自由。
Ladies and gentlemen,
From this position, we can see the entire view of the Forbidden City, I believe most of friends
discovered that there are many buildings in the Forbidden City. Can you guess how many rooms here? You are right! it is said that there are 9999 rooms in the Forbidden City. Why is such a strange number? I tell you the reason, totally different from ancient Europe, China has never been a religious country. Since the emperor Qin unified China about 2000 years ago, China has always been a secular country. Although ancient China had three major religious beliefs, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, but the power of the emperor have always been beyond the religion power, and ordinary people also have the freedom to believe the religion.
但是这里有一个问题，我们都知道欧洲国王的权利是由教会授权的，但是中国皇帝的权利从什么地方来的？当然中国皇帝的权利不是老百姓投票选出来的，所以，古代的中国皇帝需要让所有人相信一点，他的权利来自于天帝，他是天帝的儿子，来到这个世界进行通知。据说天帝在天上有房屋10000间，自然做为天帝的儿子，皇帝是不能超越这个数字的。因此只少了一间。但是这个数字是真实的吗？首先我们必须明确一个概念，古代中国人把由四根柱子围绕的空间成为一间房子，按照这个算法，整个故宫一共有超过8000多间房屋。
From this position, we can see the entire view of the Forbidden City, I believe most of friends
discovered that there are many buildings in the Forbidden City. Can you guess how many rooms here? You are right! it is said that there are 9999 rooms in the Forbidden City. Why is such a strange number? I tell you the reason, totally different from ancient Europe, China has never been a religious country. Since the emperor Qin unified China about 2000 years ago, China has always been a secular country. Although ancient China had three major religious beliefs, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, but the power of the emperor have always been beyond the religion power, and ordinary people also have the freedom to believe the religion.
但是这里有一个问题，我们都知道欧洲国王的权利是由教会授权的，但是中国皇帝的权利从什么地方来的？当然中国皇帝的权利不是老百姓投票选出来的，所以，古代的中国皇帝需要让所有人相信一点，他的权利来自于天帝，他是天帝的儿子，来到这个世界进行通知。据说天帝在天上有房屋10000间，自然做为天帝的儿子，皇帝是不能超越这个数字的。因此只少了一间。但是这个数字是真实的吗？首先我们必须明确一个概念，古代中国人把由四根柱子围绕的空间成为一间房子，按照这个算法，整个故宫一共有超过8000多间房屋。
But there is a problem here. As we know the European king’s power was usually authorized by the church, but where did the power of the Chinese emperor come from? Of course, he is not elected by the common people. So, the ancient Chinese emperor will let ordinary people to believe that his power authorized by the King of the heaven, who is the super god in the Chinese legend, and the emperor was his son and was chosen by him to ruling the present world. It’s said that the king of heaven has 10,000 rooms in his palace. As his son, the emperor could not exceed this number, so there was only one less room. 9999 rooms. But is this number a real one? Here we have to understand a concept, the ancient Chinese believed that a space surrounded by four pillars was called a room. Based on this calculation method, the actual number of rooms in the Forbidden City is more than 8,000 after careful calculation.
讲解位置点：午门城楼-中间
讲解主题4：献俘大典是怎么回事？
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虽然登上午门城楼可以看到漂亮的风景，但是中国古代皇帝却很少会到这个地方，一般只有在国家举行重要典礼的时候，皇帝才会来到这里。比如皇帝的登基，皇帝的婚礼等等，在这些典礼中，其中有一项最为著名，名字叫“献俘大典”，就是当中国某个地方发生了军事叛乱，或者边境遭到游牧帝国进攻的时候，皇帝将指派最勇敢的将军去进行镇压，当战争取得了胜利，敌方的首领如果被生擒，则会将这些俘虏运到北京，送到我们眼前的午门广场下，皇帝将亲自出席这个重要典礼，来显示他的帝国的强大。典礼结束后，地方的首领和将军，通常会被执行死刑。我们在这里可以想象当时一个画面，在下面军队发出的海啸般的欢呼声中，皇帝站在这里，用轻蔑的眼神看着他的战败者，他的心里是多么的自豪！
Ladies and gentlemen,
By ascending this tower, you will get a beautiful scenery, but the emperor was rarely to come here, he came here only in some important ceremonies. For example, the emperor's enthronement, the emperor's wedding, etc. Among these ceremonies, one of the most famous one is called the "Prisoner Presentation Ceremony". When the empire breaks out armed rebellion somewhere or the border is attacked by a nomadic tribe. the emperor will assign his troops to suppress it. When the war is won and the enemy leaders are captured alive, these prisoners will be transported to Beijing and was sent to the Meridian Gate Square in front of us. The emperor will personally attend this event. Important ceremony to show the power of his empire. After the ceremony, the rival chiefs were usually executed. Here we can imagine a picture. Accompanied with the tsunami of cheers by thousands of standing soldiers, the emperor stands right here and look his defeated rival with contemptuous eyes, how proud he was in his heart!
By ascending this tower, you will get a beautiful scenery, but the emperor was rarely to come here, he came here only in some important ceremonies. For example, the emperor's enthronement, the emperor's wedding, etc. Among these ceremonies, one of the most famous one is called the "Prisoner Presentation Ceremony". When the empire breaks out armed rebellion somewhere or the border is attacked by a nomadic tribe. the emperor will assign his troops to suppress it. When the war is won and the enemy leaders are captured alive, these prisoners will be transported to Beijing and was sent to the Meridian Gate Square in front of us. The emperor will personally attend this event. Important ceremony to show the power of his empire. After the ceremony, the rival chiefs were usually executed. Here we can imagine a picture. Accompanied with the tsunami of cheers by thousands of standing soldiers, the emperor stands right here and look his defeated rival with contemptuous eyes, how proud he was in his heart!
讲解位置点：太和门广场
讲解主题5：为什么紫禁城建筑的颜色是红色和黄色？
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女士们，先生们
当我们游览故宫这座雄伟的宫殿时，我相信各位已经发现了故宫的一个特点，整个紫禁城都是由红墙和黄瓦所构成，为什么古代的中国皇帝喜欢用这两种颜色来装饰他的宫殿呢？ 这与中国的道教思想有一定关系，古代的中国人认为世界是由五大元素构成，即金木水火土，而土是核心，它的代表颜色是黄色。中国皇帝用黄色装饰他的屋顶，意图向普通人展示他拥有这片土地的最高权力，同时也代表皇帝对农业的重视，因为古代的中国是农耕文明，农业收成的好坏时刻关系到帝国统治的命运。 而墙面以红色来装饰，红色象征着火，代表着国家的兴旺，皇室家族继承者的延续，这是每一位古代皇帝的梦想。
Ladies and Gentlemen:
While walking around the Forbidden City, I believe you may have discovered that all the buildings in the Forbidden City are composed of red walls and yellow roofs. Why did the ancient Chinese emperor perfer these two special colors to decorate his palace? This is closely related to Chinese Taoism culture. The ancient Chinese believed that the world is composed of five elements, which are metal, wood, water, fire and earth. And earth is the center. The representative color is yellow. The purpose which emperor had his roof decorated by the yellow color was to express to the ordinary people that he possesses the highest rights of the country. and It also represents his emphasis on agriculture, as ancient China was a farming civilization, The quality of agricultural harvests will affects the foundation of the empire's rule.
The walls are decorated with red, which symbolizes fire, represent prosperity, and drives away evil spirits. Prosperity of his empire, Prosperity of his family descendants, always be a everlasting dream
While walking around the Forbidden City, I believe you may have discovered that all the buildings in the Forbidden City are composed of red walls and yellow roofs. Why did the ancient Chinese emperor perfer these two special colors to decorate his palace? This is closely related to Chinese Taoism culture. The ancient Chinese believed that the world is composed of five elements, which are metal, wood, water, fire and earth. And earth is the center. The representative color is yellow. The purpose which emperor had his roof decorated by the yellow color was to express to the ordinary people that he possesses the highest rights of the country. and It also represents his emphasis on agriculture, as ancient China was a farming civilization, The quality of agricultural harvests will affects the foundation of the empire's rule.
The walls are decorated with red, which symbolizes fire, represent prosperity, and drives away evil spirits. Prosperity of his empire, Prosperity of his family descendants, always be a everlasting dream
讲解位置点：太和殿广场
讲解主题6：紫禁城是如何建立起来的？
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女女士们，先生们：，
在我们面前，我们可以看到一个雄伟壮丽的大殿，它被称为太和殿。它是整个紫禁城中最大的建筑，象征着皇帝的最高权力。紫禁城是如何建立的？在这里我们不得不说一个重要的人物，明朝的第三位皇帝，朱棣。
14世纪，中国这个曾经强大的统治了中国100多年的蒙古帝国终于被中国农民起义推翻，一个新的帝国诞生了，这个帝国就是明朝。当时，明帝国的年轻将领、老皇帝的第四个儿子朱棣被任命为北京城的最高军事指挥官，近20年来与蒙古人的斗争使朱棣更加强大，拥有了一支强大的长城集团军，朱棣与新继承人发生了严重的矛盾。朱棣和他的长城军被视为对新皇帝统治的最大威胁。制定了抓捕朱棣的秘密计划，但是计划被泄露了，于是朱棣发动了叛乱战争。四年后，朱棣的长城大军攻占了明帝国的首都南京，新皇帝消失了。在士兵的护送下，朱棣登上了帝位，成为了明帝国的第三位皇帝。
虽然成为了明帝国的第三任皇帝，但朱棣每天都生活在梦魇之中，他对这座城市感到陌生，同时他也不信任以前的这些官员，时刻要防止他们去刺杀他。在这种情况下，他做了一个大胆的决定，就是把首都由南京迁到北京，并且在这座城市中建造一座世界上最宏伟的皇家宫殿，做为他的权利中心。在他的命令上，全国被征用了接近100万劳动力，历时接近20年的时间完成这座伟大的工程，公元1420年朱棣正式宣布迁都北京，并且成为紫禁城的第一位主人。
在我们面前，我们可以看到一个雄伟壮丽的大殿，它被称为太和殿。它是整个紫禁城中最大的建筑，象征着皇帝的最高权力。紫禁城是如何建立的？在这里我们不得不说一个重要的人物，明朝的第三位皇帝，朱棣。
14世纪，中国这个曾经强大的统治了中国100多年的蒙古帝国终于被中国农民起义推翻，一个新的帝国诞生了，这个帝国就是明朝。当时，明帝国的年轻将领、老皇帝的第四个儿子朱棣被任命为北京城的最高军事指挥官，近20年来与蒙古人的斗争使朱棣更加强大，拥有了一支强大的长城集团军，朱棣与新继承人发生了严重的矛盾。朱棣和他的长城军被视为对新皇帝统治的最大威胁。制定了抓捕朱棣的秘密计划，但是计划被泄露了，于是朱棣发动了叛乱战争。四年后，朱棣的长城大军攻占了明帝国的首都南京，新皇帝消失了。在士兵的护送下，朱棣登上了帝位，成为了明帝国的第三位皇帝。
虽然成为了明帝国的第三任皇帝，但朱棣每天都生活在梦魇之中，他对这座城市感到陌生，同时他也不信任以前的这些官员，时刻要防止他们去刺杀他。在这种情况下，他做了一个大胆的决定，就是把首都由南京迁到北京，并且在这座城市中建造一座世界上最宏伟的皇家宫殿，做为他的权利中心。在他的命令上，全国被征用了接近100万劳动力，历时接近20年的时间完成这座伟大的工程，公元1420年朱棣正式宣布迁都北京，并且成为紫禁城的第一位主人。
Ladies and gentlemen,
in front of us, we can see a stunning and magnificent hall, it’s called the Hall of Supreme harmony It is the largest building in the entire Forbidden City, symbolizing the supreme power of the emperor, how was the Forbidden City established? Here we have to talk about an important figure, the third emperor of the Ming Empire, Zhu Di.
In the 14th century, China, the once powerful Mongolian Empire that had ruled China over 100 years, was finally overthrown by Chinese farmers uprising, and a new empire was born, which was the called Ming Empire. At that time, Zhu Di, a young general of the Ming Empire and also the fourth son of the old emperor of the Ming Empire, was appointed as the highest military commander of the Beijing City, for nearly 20 years fighting against the Mongols made Zhu Di more powerful and owned a piece of powerful Great Wall army group, After the death of the old emperor, Zhu Di had serious conflicts with the new successor. Zhu Di and his Great Wall army were seen as the greatest threat to the new emperor rules. A secret plan to arrest Zhu Di was formulated, but the plan was leaked, so Zhu Di launched a rebellion war. Four years later, Zhu Di's Great Wall army captured Nanjing, the capital of the Ming Empire, the new emperor disappeared. With the escort of his soldiers, Zhu Di ascended the throne in Nanjing and became the third emperor of the Ming Empire.
Although he became emperor of the Ming Empire, Zhu Di always lived in nightmares every day. He felt strange to this city. Also felt untrust to those previous officials and prevent them from assassinating him. Based on this circumstance, a bod plan gradually appear in this mind, he decided to remove the capital to Beijing, and build the world's most magnificent royal palace in this city. Under his order, nearly 1 million laborers were requisitioned across the country, and it took nearly 20 years to complete this great project. In the year of 1420, Zhu Di officially move the capital to Beijing, and from this gate he came into the Forbidden City, became the first owner of this great palace.
in front of us, we can see a stunning and magnificent hall, it’s called the Hall of Supreme harmony It is the largest building in the entire Forbidden City, symbolizing the supreme power of the emperor, how was the Forbidden City established? Here we have to talk about an important figure, the third emperor of the Ming Empire, Zhu Di.
In the 14th century, China, the once powerful Mongolian Empire that had ruled China over 100 years, was finally overthrown by Chinese farmers uprising, and a new empire was born, which was the called Ming Empire. At that time, Zhu Di, a young general of the Ming Empire and also the fourth son of the old emperor of the Ming Empire, was appointed as the highest military commander of the Beijing City, for nearly 20 years fighting against the Mongols made Zhu Di more powerful and owned a piece of powerful Great Wall army group, After the death of the old emperor, Zhu Di had serious conflicts with the new successor. Zhu Di and his Great Wall army were seen as the greatest threat to the new emperor rules. A secret plan to arrest Zhu Di was formulated, but the plan was leaked, so Zhu Di launched a rebellion war. Four years later, Zhu Di's Great Wall army captured Nanjing, the capital of the Ming Empire, the new emperor disappeared. With the escort of his soldiers, Zhu Di ascended the throne in Nanjing and became the third emperor of the Ming Empire.
Although he became emperor of the Ming Empire, Zhu Di always lived in nightmares every day. He felt strange to this city. Also felt untrust to those previous officials and prevent them from assassinating him. Based on this circumstance, a bod plan gradually appear in this mind, he decided to remove the capital to Beijing, and build the world's most magnificent royal palace in this city. Under his order, nearly 1 million laborers were requisitioned across the country, and it took nearly 20 years to complete this great project. In the year of 1420, Zhu Di officially move the capital to Beijing, and from this gate he came into the Forbidden City, became the first owner of this great palace.
讲解位置点：太和殿门口
讲解主题7：皇帝与大臣的权力争夺
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女士们，先生们：
我们现在站在太和殿前，这是皇帝和他的高级官员处理国家事务的地方。然而，在权力分配问题上，皇帝和官员群体之间一直存在着激烈的斗争，在明帝国之前，自2000年前秦始皇统一中国以来，中国一直是一个中央集权的国家，但皇帝的权力受到严格限制，皇帝不是唯一的决策者。在处理国家事务时，皇帝必须与高级官员群体合作。在许多情况下，宰相拥有平等的权力，甚至在某些情况下，可以否决皇帝的决定。
当朱棣皇帝走进紫禁城后，他废除了宰相制度，将宰相的权力分成三部分，行政权直接交给部委，只负责执行命令。议政权交给内阁，内阁只对皇帝个人负责。决策权自己把握。这样，朱棣就把最高权力牢牢地掌握在了自己手中，逐渐的官员集团就成了皇帝的仆人。皇帝的命令从这里发出，通过全国1375个驿站，可以快速的传递到帝国的每个角落。皇帝拥有唯一的决策权，对皇帝是一件好事，但对于他的帝国则意味着风险。因为整个帝国的安危都绑定在皇帝的个人能力上，一旦这个皇帝不能胜任，帝国则处于危险之中。后来的历史也证明了这一点。
我们现在站在太和殿前，这是皇帝和他的高级官员处理国家事务的地方。然而，在权力分配问题上，皇帝和官员群体之间一直存在着激烈的斗争，在明帝国之前，自2000年前秦始皇统一中国以来，中国一直是一个中央集权的国家，但皇帝的权力受到严格限制，皇帝不是唯一的决策者。在处理国家事务时，皇帝必须与高级官员群体合作。在许多情况下，宰相拥有平等的权力，甚至在某些情况下，可以否决皇帝的决定。
当朱棣皇帝走进紫禁城后，他废除了宰相制度，将宰相的权力分成三部分，行政权直接交给部委，只负责执行命令。议政权交给内阁，内阁只对皇帝个人负责。决策权自己把握。这样，朱棣就把最高权力牢牢地掌握在了自己手中，逐渐的官员集团就成了皇帝的仆人。皇帝的命令从这里发出，通过全国1375个驿站，可以快速的传递到帝国的每个角落。皇帝拥有唯一的决策权，对皇帝是一件好事，但对于他的帝国则意味着风险。因为整个帝国的安危都绑定在皇帝的个人能力上，一旦这个皇帝不能胜任，帝国则处于危险之中。后来的历史也证明了这一点。
Ladies and gentlemen:
We are now standing in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the place where the emperor handled state affairs with his senior officials. However, there has always been a fierce struggle between the emperor and the official group regarding the distribution of power,
Before the Ming Empire, China had always been a centralized state since the emperor Qin unified China 2000 years ago, but the power of the emperor was strictly limited, and the emperor was not the only decision-maker. When dealing with state affairs, the emperor must cooperate with the senior official group, In many cases, the Prime Minister had equal power, and even in some cases, can veto the emperor's decisions.
When Emperor Zhu Di came into the Forbidden City, he abolished the prime minister system and separated his power into three parts. The administrative power was directly handed over to the different ministries, they were only responsible for executing orders. The legislative power was handed over to the cabinet, which was only responsible to the emperor personally. And final decision right was in emperor’s own hands. Since then, Zhu Di firmly held the supreme power of the empire, and gradually the official group became the emperor's servants. The emperor's orders were issued from the Forbidden City, and quickly delivered to each corner of the empire through 1,375 post stations across the country.
Becoming a dictator was a good thing to the emperor himself, but the risk to his empire. Because the safety of the entire empire is tied to the emperor's personal ability. Once the emperor is incompetent to his job, the empire will be in danger.
We are now standing in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the place where the emperor handled state affairs with his senior officials. However, there has always been a fierce struggle between the emperor and the official group regarding the distribution of power,
Before the Ming Empire, China had always been a centralized state since the emperor Qin unified China 2000 years ago, but the power of the emperor was strictly limited, and the emperor was not the only decision-maker. When dealing with state affairs, the emperor must cooperate with the senior official group, In many cases, the Prime Minister had equal power, and even in some cases, can veto the emperor's decisions.
When Emperor Zhu Di came into the Forbidden City, he abolished the prime minister system and separated his power into three parts. The administrative power was directly handed over to the different ministries, they were only responsible for executing orders. The legislative power was handed over to the cabinet, which was only responsible to the emperor personally. And final decision right was in emperor’s own hands. Since then, Zhu Di firmly held the supreme power of the empire, and gradually the official group became the emperor's servants. The emperor's orders were issued from the Forbidden City, and quickly delivered to each corner of the empire through 1,375 post stations across the country.
Becoming a dictator was a good thing to the emperor himself, but the risk to his empire. Because the safety of the entire empire is tied to the emperor's personal ability. Once the emperor is incompetent to his job, the empire will be in danger.
讲解位置点：保和殿门口
讲解主题8：中国的科举考试是怎么进行的？
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女士们，先生们：
我们现在眼前的这座大殿，被称为保和殿。这座大殿最为著名的功能是一个举办最高级别科举考试的考场，而皇帝则是这次考试的考官。中国的科举考试，是中国古代的一种公务员考试制度，目的是选拔国家官僚的候选人。
我们现在眼前的这座大殿，被称为保和殿。这座大殿最为著名的功能是一个举办最高级别科举考试的考场，而皇帝则是这次考试的考官。中国的科举考试，是中国古代的一种公务员考试制度，目的是选拔国家官僚的候选人。
Ladies and gentlemen:
The building in front of us now is called the hall of preserving harmony. The most famous function of this hall was a place where hold highest-level Imperial Examination, and the emperor was the examiner during the course, The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy.
The building in front of us now is called the hall of preserving harmony. The most famous function of this hall was a place where hold highest-level Imperial Examination, and the emperor was the examiner during the course, The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy.
科举考试分为四级考试，第一级叫院试，每三年靠一次，考核通过人的被称为秀才，根据清帝国历史的记载，帝国每15000人口中会有一个秀才。第二级叫省试，每三年一次，就是把这些秀才集中一起进行考核，考核通过的人被称为举人。基本上通过率是3%，很不容易。 第三级考试是京试，也是每三年一次，就是将这些举人集中一起在首都进行考试，考核通过的人被称为进士，通过率大约是4%。 最后一级称为殿试，就是把这些进士一起带到这里，参加由皇帝主持的考试，不过这次就是100%了，这些进士按照考试成绩，分成不同级别。前三名将被允许从皇帝中间的门穿过，这是他们人生最荣耀的时刻。 中国的科举考试，不论你的年龄，不论你是否贫困还是富有，每个人都有资格参加考试，都有机会成为国家的高级官员，实现他的人生梦想。所以它给中国底层人民一个上升通道，也稳定了帝国的统治。另外，为什么皇帝要亲自监考，就是要挑选自己喜欢的官员，被选中的人一定会感谢皇帝给予的一切，自然也就对皇帝形成了忠诚。
The imperial examination was divided into four levels. The first level called the “Couty examination” , it was taken once for every three years and the people who past is called “Xiucai”. Usually there was only one Xiucai per 15000 people average based on records of Qing empire. The second level was called “Provincial examination” which put all the Xiucai together to take examination, the people who past is called “Juren”. Basically, the pass rate is only 3%, so it’s really difficult! The third level called “Capital examination” which also held once for every three years, those Juren came into the emperor’s capital to join the examination. The people who past is called “Jinshi” .Basically, the pass rate is only 4%,
The last level is called the Palace Examination, which means these Jinshi are all brought here to take part in the examination presided over by the emperor himself, but this time the pass rate is 100%. Those Jinshis are separated different levels according to their examination records. The top three will be allowed to pass through the emperor's middle door of meridian gate, the most glorious moment of their lives. China's imperial examination, regardless of your age, whether you are poor or rich, everyone is eligible to take the exam and has the opportunity to become a senior official to fulfill their dream, it gave the people at the bottom of society a way to rise up and keep the empire stabilized. In addition, during the palace examination, The selected people would definitely appreciate the emperor for everything he had given, and they would naturally become loyal to the emperor.
The last level is called the Palace Examination, which means these Jinshi are all brought here to take part in the examination presided over by the emperor himself, but this time the pass rate is 100%. Those Jinshis are separated different levels according to their examination records. The top three will be allowed to pass through the emperor's middle door of meridian gate, the most glorious moment of their lives. China's imperial examination, regardless of your age, whether you are poor or rich, everyone is eligible to take the exam and has the opportunity to become a senior official to fulfill their dream, it gave the people at the bottom of society a way to rise up and keep the empire stabilized. In addition, during the palace examination, The selected people would definitely appreciate the emperor for everything he had given, and they would naturally become loyal to the emperor.
讲解位置点：慈宁花园
讲解主题9：皇室的选妃制度
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各位朋友，我们现在进入的这个地方被称为慈宁花园，这里曾经是专属皇太后生活的区域，做为皇帝的母亲，皇太后可以享受最尊贵的级别，皇帝每天早上都要来这里探望和问候。中国皇帝有多少个老婆？一直是很多普通人喜欢谈论的话题，很多人认为古代的中国皇帝是最幸福的男人，因为他可以和上千名漂亮的老婆在这里过着浪漫的生活，其实这是一个普遍的误区。这里不是一个浪漫的场所，而是一个没有硝烟的战场。为了争夺皇帝的宠爱，这些女人们进行着激烈的斗争。
清帝国时期，皇室家族有一套严格的生活制度，皇帝也必须遵守。首先想成为皇帝身边的女人，你必须是来自满族贵族家庭，普通人根本没有机会。而且皇帝的嫔妃一共分成8级。人数不会超过百人。最高的级别是皇后，只能一个人。但是皇后的选择，并不是由皇帝本人能够决定的，而是由皇太后对几个候选人中进行挑选和决策。
清帝国时期，皇室家族有一套严格的生活制度，皇帝也必须遵守。首先想成为皇帝身边的女人，你必须是来自满族贵族家庭，普通人根本没有机会。而且皇帝的嫔妃一共分成8级。人数不会超过百人。最高的级别是皇后，只能一个人。但是皇后的选择，并不是由皇帝本人能够决定的，而是由皇太后对几个候选人中进行挑选和决策。
Ok, Dear friends, the place we are entering now is called Benevolence Garden. And it was once the place where the only Empress Dowager lived. As the mother of the Emperor, the Empress Dowager could enjoy the most noble treatment in the inner court. Everyday morning, the emperor had to come here to show his greetings based imperial rules.
How many wives did the Chinese emperor have? It has always been an attractive topic that many ordinary people like to talk about. Many people think that the ancient Chinese emperor was the happiest man because he could live a romantic life here with his beautiful women over thousand. In fact, this is a common misunderstanding. This is not a romantic place, but a battlefield without smoke. Competing for the emperor's favor, those women had been fighting fiercely.
During the Qing Empire, the royal family had establishment of the strict life system that the emperor had to follow. First of all, if you want to be a woman beside the emperor, you must come from a Manchu noble family. Ordinary people have no chance at all. Moreover, the emperor's concubines were divided into eight levels in total. The number will not exceed a hundred people. The highest level is the empress which can only be one person. The choice of the Empress was not decided by the emperor himself, but by the empress dowager who made the selection and decision from some candidates.
How many wives did the Chinese emperor have? It has always been an attractive topic that many ordinary people like to talk about. Many people think that the ancient Chinese emperor was the happiest man because he could live a romantic life here with his beautiful women over thousand. In fact, this is a common misunderstanding. This is not a romantic place, but a battlefield without smoke. Competing for the emperor's favor, those women had been fighting fiercely.
During the Qing Empire, the royal family had establishment of the strict life system that the emperor had to follow. First of all, if you want to be a woman beside the emperor, you must come from a Manchu noble family. Ordinary people have no chance at all. Moreover, the emperor's concubines were divided into eight levels in total. The number will not exceed a hundred people. The highest level is the empress which can only be one person. The choice of the Empress was not decided by the emperor himself, but by the empress dowager who made the selection and decision from some candidates.
讲解位置点：乾清门位置
讲解主题10：乾清门的御门听政
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各位朋友，我们眼前的这道门叫做乾清门，它的名字来自于中国的道教，象征着国家安定的意思。这道门实际上也是一条分界线。从这里我们即将进入皇帝的生活区。在明清帝国时期，任何男人没有皇帝的允许不得进入这里，而这里生活的女人，也被严格禁止走出此门。在古代中国，女人是严格禁止干预国家政务的。清朝时期，皇帝很多时候经常在这里举行听政会，通常情况下每五天一次，会议一般在早上6点开始，皇帝坐在门里，高级官员们都站立在这个广场，向皇帝汇报发生的问题，由皇帝进行决策。会议大约在8点的时候结束。我们可以想象，北京的冬天零下10度，皇帝身边有个烤炉，他不觉得特别冷，而这些高级官员站在这里，绝对是一个苦差事，每个人几乎都要冻僵了。
ok, Everyone, the gate in front of us is called Gate of Heavenly Purity, this name originally comes from Chinese Taoism and symbolizes the stability of the country. This door is actually a dividing line between the outer court and inner court of the Forbidden City. From here we are about to enter the emperor's living quarters. During the Ming and Qing empires, no man was allowed to enter here without the emperor's permission, and women living here were strictly prohibited from leaving this door. During the Ming and Qing Dynasty, the emperor often held government meetings here, usually once every five days. The meeting usually started at 6 o'clock in the morning. The emperor sat in the door, and senior officials stood in this square to report issues that occurred to the emperor before the emperor gave the final decision. The meeting ended at 8 o'clock. We can imagine that it is really hard job to these officials in the winter time as the temperature was usually 10 degree below, they were almost getting frozen.
讲解位置点：乾清宫位置
讲解主题11：皇帝的生活浪漫吗？
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女士们先生们：
我们眼前的这座宫殿，被称为乾清宫，中文意思是国家安定。这里曾是古代帝王的居住场所。很多人会认为皇帝在这里生活的一定很浪漫，因为有这么多的嫔妃陪伴。事实上一点都不浪漫。皇帝的性生活，也受到皇室生活制度的严格限制，虽然皇帝晚上可以选择他所喜欢的女人，但是任何一个女人都不允许在皇帝的卧室里面过夜。皇帝与嫔妃做爱的时间不能超过30分钟，做爱时间过长，做爱次数过多，都会被认为损害皇帝的健康。皇帝与嫔妃做爱时，太监需要在门口监视并进行计时，一旦皇帝超时，太监会在外面高喊“时间已到”，结束之后嫔妃由太监送回自己的住处。所以，我们可以设想一下，这种环境下怎么能够有浪漫的感觉呢。其实从某种意义上来说，皇帝性生活的目的不是为了寻找爱情，而是为了繁衍后代。
我们眼前的这座宫殿，被称为乾清宫，中文意思是国家安定。这里曾是古代帝王的居住场所。很多人会认为皇帝在这里生活的一定很浪漫，因为有这么多的嫔妃陪伴。事实上一点都不浪漫。皇帝的性生活，也受到皇室生活制度的严格限制，虽然皇帝晚上可以选择他所喜欢的女人，但是任何一个女人都不允许在皇帝的卧室里面过夜。皇帝与嫔妃做爱的时间不能超过30分钟，做爱时间过长，做爱次数过多，都会被认为损害皇帝的健康。皇帝与嫔妃做爱时，太监需要在门口监视并进行计时，一旦皇帝超时，太监会在外面高喊“时间已到”，结束之后嫔妃由太监送回自己的住处。所以，我们可以设想一下，这种环境下怎么能够有浪漫的感觉呢。其实从某种意义上来说，皇帝性生活的目的不是为了寻找爱情，而是为了繁衍后代。
Ladies and gentlemen:
The name of the main hall in front of us is called Qianqing Palace, which means national peace in Chinese. This used to be the residence of ancient emperors. Many people think that the emperor's life must be very romantic in the inner court as he had many concubines, I can tell you it’s totally wrong! Actually, the emperor’s sex life was also strictly regulated. Although the emperor could choose the woman his favorite during the night, but this woman was prohibited strictly to stay overnight with the emperor in his bedroom, even their activity duration could not exceed over 30 minutes. Having sex for too long or too many times would be considered harmful to the emperor's health. During their sex, the eunuch would be standing outside the door and monitoring the time, when the time out, the eunuch will shout "time is up" outside. Then this concubine will be sent back to her residence. Therefore, we can imagine how is it possible to achieve a romantic feeling in this situation? In some kind of sense, the purpose of the emperor's sexual life was not to find love, but to reproduce.
The name of the main hall in front of us is called Qianqing Palace, which means national peace in Chinese. This used to be the residence of ancient emperors. Many people think that the emperor's life must be very romantic in the inner court as he had many concubines, I can tell you it’s totally wrong! Actually, the emperor’s sex life was also strictly regulated. Although the emperor could choose the woman his favorite during the night, but this woman was prohibited strictly to stay overnight with the emperor in his bedroom, even their activity duration could not exceed over 30 minutes. Having sex for too long or too many times would be considered harmful to the emperor's health. During their sex, the eunuch would be standing outside the door and monitoring the time, when the time out, the eunuch will shout "time is up" outside. Then this concubine will be sent back to her residence. Therefore, we can imagine how is it possible to achieve a romantic feeling in this situation? In some kind of sense, the purpose of the emperor's sexual life was not to find love, but to reproduce.
讲解位置点：坤宁宫位置
讲解主题12：皇位继承制度
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女士们先生们：
在古代的朝廷中，当老皇帝去世时，谁有资格接替他的职位？在这里，我想和大家分享一下关于王位继承的规则。
在清雍正之前，皇室一直实行“长子继承制”，只有皇后所生的长子才有资格继承皇位。如果皇后没有儿子，候选人将从皇帝的其他儿子中选出。如果皇帝没有儿子，候选人将从皇帝兄弟的儿子中选出。太子将在皇帝在世时被任命，但皇帝也有权废除他。然而，皇家宫廷一直是一个竞技场，伴随着激烈的王位争夺，只有30%的王储能够顺利登上王位。
1722年，著名的清朝康熙皇帝去世。为了争夺继承人的位置，他的30多个儿子进行了残酷的斗争。最终的赢家是雍正皇帝，但代价是他不得不一个接一个地消灭他的兄弟。这场残忍的杀戮也给雍正皇帝造成了心理伤害，他也在反思，如果他的儿子们在他经过的时候也这样做，帝国将面临巨大的危险。
最后，雍正皇帝决定改变继承人制度，不再在皇帝在世时指定继承人。但是皇帝会把他心目中的继任者名字写在一张纸上，然后封在盒子里。这个盒子将放在大厅上方的牌匾后面。有一天，当皇帝去世时，所有的皇室成员和高级官员都会聚集在这里，这个秘密的盒子会被取出。这份报纸将公开宣布谁将成为皇帝的继承人。宣布后，新皇帝将立即登基。这个系统的优点是，首先，防止兄弟之间的血腥冲突，因为没有目标人。第二，每个王子都有机会成为下一个皇帝，所以他们会努力学习和展示自己。雍正皇帝之后，在皇位的继承问题上没有发生过流血冲突。
在古代的朝廷中，当老皇帝去世时，谁有资格接替他的职位？在这里，我想和大家分享一下关于王位继承的规则。
在清雍正之前，皇室一直实行“长子继承制”，只有皇后所生的长子才有资格继承皇位。如果皇后没有儿子，候选人将从皇帝的其他儿子中选出。如果皇帝没有儿子，候选人将从皇帝兄弟的儿子中选出。太子将在皇帝在世时被任命，但皇帝也有权废除他。然而，皇家宫廷一直是一个竞技场，伴随着激烈的王位争夺，只有30%的王储能够顺利登上王位。
1722年，著名的清朝康熙皇帝去世。为了争夺继承人的位置，他的30多个儿子进行了残酷的斗争。最终的赢家是雍正皇帝，但代价是他不得不一个接一个地消灭他的兄弟。这场残忍的杀戮也给雍正皇帝造成了心理伤害，他也在反思，如果他的儿子们在他经过的时候也这样做，帝国将面临巨大的危险。
最后，雍正皇帝决定改变继承人制度，不再在皇帝在世时指定继承人。但是皇帝会把他心目中的继任者名字写在一张纸上，然后封在盒子里。这个盒子将放在大厅上方的牌匾后面。有一天，当皇帝去世时，所有的皇室成员和高级官员都会聚集在这里，这个秘密的盒子会被取出。这份报纸将公开宣布谁将成为皇帝的继承人。宣布后，新皇帝将立即登基。这个系统的优点是，首先，防止兄弟之间的血腥冲突，因为没有目标人。第二，每个王子都有机会成为下一个皇帝，所以他们会努力学习和展示自己。雍正皇帝之后，在皇位的继承问题上没有发生过流血冲突。
Ladies and gentlemen:
In ancient imperial court, when the old emperor passed away, who was qualified to take over his position? Here, I would like to share with you the rules for the throne inheritance.
Before Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Empire, the royal family had always adopted the "Eldest son inheritance system", where only eldest son born by empress was eligible to inherit the throne. If the empress did not have a son, the candidate would be chosen from the other sons of the emperor. If the emperor has no sons, the candidate would be chosen from the sons of emperor’s brothers. And the crown prince will be appointed while the emperor is alive, but emperor also had power to abolish him. However, the royal court has always been an arena, accompanied by intense competition for the throne, only 30% of the crown prince were able to ascend the throne smoothly.
In 1722, the famous Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty passed away. To compete for the position of heir, his more than 30 sons engaged in a brutal struggle. The ultimate winner was Emperor Yongzheng, but the cost was that he had to eliminate his brothers one by one. The cruel killing also caused psychological harm to Emperor Yongzheng, and he was also reflecting what if his sons also follow this approach when he passed way, the empire would be in great danger.
Finally, Emperor Yongzheng decided to change the system of inheritors and no longer designate heirs while the emperor was alive. But the emperor will write the his successor name in his mind on a piece of paper and seal it in a box. This box will be placed behind the plaque which is upper position of this hall. One day, when the emperor passes away, all members of the royal family and senior officials will gather here, and this secret box will be taken out. The paper will be announced who will be the emperor's heir in public. After the announcement, the new emperor will immediately ascend to the throne. The advantage of this system is, first, to prevent bloody conflicts between brothers, as there is no target person. Second, every prince has the opportunity to become the next emperor, so they will work hard to learn and showcase themselves. After Emperor Yongzheng, there was no bloody conflict in the succession of the throne.
In ancient imperial court, when the old emperor passed away, who was qualified to take over his position? Here, I would like to share with you the rules for the throne inheritance.
Before Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Empire, the royal family had always adopted the "Eldest son inheritance system", where only eldest son born by empress was eligible to inherit the throne. If the empress did not have a son, the candidate would be chosen from the other sons of the emperor. If the emperor has no sons, the candidate would be chosen from the sons of emperor’s brothers. And the crown prince will be appointed while the emperor is alive, but emperor also had power to abolish him. However, the royal court has always been an arena, accompanied by intense competition for the throne, only 30% of the crown prince were able to ascend the throne smoothly.
In 1722, the famous Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty passed away. To compete for the position of heir, his more than 30 sons engaged in a brutal struggle. The ultimate winner was Emperor Yongzheng, but the cost was that he had to eliminate his brothers one by one. The cruel killing also caused psychological harm to Emperor Yongzheng, and he was also reflecting what if his sons also follow this approach when he passed way, the empire would be in great danger.
Finally, Emperor Yongzheng decided to change the system of inheritors and no longer designate heirs while the emperor was alive. But the emperor will write the his successor name in his mind on a piece of paper and seal it in a box. This box will be placed behind the plaque which is upper position of this hall. One day, when the emperor passes away, all members of the royal family and senior officials will gather here, and this secret box will be taken out. The paper will be announced who will be the emperor's heir in public. After the announcement, the new emperor will immediately ascend to the throne. The advantage of this system is, first, to prevent bloody conflicts between brothers, as there is no target person. Second, every prince has the opportunity to become the next emperor, so they will work hard to learn and showcase themselves. After Emperor Yongzheng, there was no bloody conflict in the succession of the throne.
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讲解主题：皇帝的用餐
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很多人也会好奇皇帝吃饭，与普通人有什么不同？
我们普通人吃饭，可以和自己的家人和朋友一起吃饭，但是皇帝绝对不可以，任何人都会被禁止与皇帝在一个桌子上吃饭，原因很简单，必须要确保皇帝的安全。因此皇帝也是世界上最孤独的用餐者。皇帝每天只吃2顿餐，早上7点早餐，下午2点晚餐，晚上可能加一顿点心。清帝国皇帝正餐一般48道菜，用餐前将进行严格的检查，有专门人员为皇帝试吃，没有问题皇帝才能用餐。吃饭时任何菜都不能超过3口。目的是不能让人知道皇帝喜欢吃什么，以防止有人定点投毒。
我们普通人吃饭，可以和自己的家人和朋友一起吃饭，但是皇帝绝对不可以，任何人都会被禁止与皇帝在一个桌子上吃饭，原因很简单，必须要确保皇帝的安全。因此皇帝也是世界上最孤独的用餐者。皇帝每天只吃2顿餐，早上7点早餐，下午2点晚餐，晚上可能加一顿点心。清帝国皇帝正餐一般48道菜，用餐前将进行严格的检查，有专门人员为皇帝试吃，没有问题皇帝才能用餐。吃饭时任何菜都不能超过3口。目的是不能让人知道皇帝喜欢吃什么，以防止有人定点投毒。
Many people are also curious about how the emperor's meal is different from that of ordinary people. We ordinary people can eat with our family and friends, but the emperor absolutely cannot. No one was allowed to eat at the same table with the emperor. The reason is quite simple: the emperor's safety must be ensured. Therefore, the emperor is also the loneliest eater in the world. The emperor only ate 2 meals a day, breakfast at 7 am, dinner at 2 pm, and maybe a snack in the evening. The Qing emperor's dinner usually consisted of 48 dishes. Strict inspections would be carried out before the meal. Specialists would taste the dishes for the emperor. After confirming that there are no problems, the emperor can eat. During the meal, any dishes was not allowed to have bites over 3 times. The purpose is to prevent people from knowing what the emperor likes to eat, so as to prevent targeted poisoning.
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讲解主题：皇帝的工作
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从普通人的角度来看，作为中国皇帝也是一件比较辛苦的工作。清帝国时期，皇帝每天早上4点钟就得起床。之后开始晨读，学习先祖皇帝的施政语录，提高处理国家的经验。早餐后，开始接待高级官员，听取汇报。同时处理大量文件，每个文件都需要一个个仔细阅读，并进行批示。这种工作会一直持续到晚上。晚上皇帝能够有短暂的一些属于自己的时间。皇帝通常在10点睡觉，但不少皇帝也会工作到深夜。清帝国的雍正皇帝，据记载他每天写的批示文字，就高达3000字。这3千字可是用毛笔写的。你今天用钢笔每天写三千字试试，也不是一件容易的活儿。清帝国的皇帝基本上每天都要保持这种状态，每年只有3到5天的假期。
From the view point of ordinary people, being the Chinese emperor is also a hard job. During the Qing Empire, the emperor had to get up at 4 o'clock every morning.
Before taking 2 hours to learn the administrative sayings of the ancestors emperors, and improving his experience in dealing with the country. After breakfast at 7am, the emperor would begin to meet senior officials and listen to the reports. Processing a large number of documents at the same time, each document needs to be read carefully and given instructions on it. The work would continue into the evening. While the emperor could have a short moment of his own. The emperor usually went to bed at 10 o'clock, but many emperors also worked until late at night. The famous Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Empire, according to records, wrote as many as 3,000 words of instructions every day. Note! today, it’s also not easy to write 3,000 words with a pen, let alone writing with a brush at that time. The emperors of the Qing Empire basically maintained this state every day, and only had 3 to 5 days for having rest every year.
Before taking 2 hours to learn the administrative sayings of the ancestors emperors, and improving his experience in dealing with the country. After breakfast at 7am, the emperor would begin to meet senior officials and listen to the reports. Processing a large number of documents at the same time, each document needs to be read carefully and given instructions on it. The work would continue into the evening. While the emperor could have a short moment of his own. The emperor usually went to bed at 10 o'clock, but many emperors also worked until late at night. The famous Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Empire, according to records, wrote as many as 3,000 words of instructions every day. Note! today, it’s also not easy to write 3,000 words with a pen, let alone writing with a brush at that time. The emperors of the Qing Empire basically maintained this state every day, and only had 3 to 5 days for having rest every year.